At the end of this activity the learner should be more competent in the diagnosis and treatment of abuse and addiction to hallucinogens, club drugs, and new drugs of abuse including the following:

1. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of abuse (including acute intoxication), addiction to hallucinogens (including psilocybin, LSD, and mescaline), club drugs (such as MDMA (Ecstacy), and GHB) and new and emerging drugs
2. Understanding the epidemiology, both analytic and descriptive of addiction to these substances, with a focus on special populations.
3. Understanding the genetics behind the abuse and addiction of these substances, as well as any psycho-social pre-dispositions to this behavior.
4. Understanding the neurophysiology specific to these forms of addiction.
5. Being aware of and sensitive to specific cultural and linguistic differences in patients presenting with abuse or addiction to these substances. 

Also the learner should be more competent in the diagnosis and treatment of abuse and addiction to inhalants including the following:

1. Epidemiology of inhalant abuse
2. Classes of inhalants used, their medical/psychiatric/neurological side effect profile and relative toxicities.
3. Modes of self-administration and street-terms for this
4. Office and ER presentations that would increase the clinical index of suspicion of inhalant abuse
5. Pertinent details of how to take a history or physical evaluation needed if abuse is suspected.
6. The role of lab testing in ER evaluation
7. Treatment modalities
8. Long term risk of medical/psychiatric sequelae.